What Should You Do If Your Boat Strikes a Submerged Object?

AvatarByFrancis Mortimer Boats & Vessels

Striking a submerged object while out on the water can be a sudden and unsettling experience for any boater. Whether it’s a hidden rock, a fallen tree, or debris lurking beneath the surface, the impact can cause damage to your vessel and pose safety risks to everyone on board. Knowing how to respond quickly and effectively in such a situation is crucial to minimizing harm and ensuring a safe outcome.

When your boat collides with something unseen below the waterline, the immediate aftermath often involves assessing the damage and maintaining control of the vessel. This moment requires calm judgment and a clear understanding of the steps needed to protect both your passengers and your boat. While the initial shock may be intense, being prepared with the right knowledge can make all the difference.

This article will guide you through the essential actions to take if your boat strikes a submerged object, helping you navigate the situation with confidence. From initial safety checks to damage assessment and next steps, you’ll learn how to respond effectively and keep your time on the water as safe and enjoyable as possible.

Assessing Damage and Ensuring Safety

After striking a submerged object, the first priority is to assess the condition of your boat and ensure the safety of everyone on board. Begin by checking for any immediate hazards such as water ingress, structural damage, or fuel leaks. If water is entering the hull, it is critical to act swiftly to prevent sinking.

Conduct a visual inspection of the hull, propellers, and rudders to identify any obvious damage. If the boat remains stable and there are no signs of fire or fuel leaks, notify all passengers to wear life jackets as a precautionary measure. In cases where the vessel is taking on water, deploy bilge pumps if available and prepare emergency flotation devices.

Ensure communication devices such as VHF radios or cell phones are operational to call for assistance if necessary. If the situation allows, reduce speed and navigate cautiously to the nearest safe harbor or marina for a comprehensive inspection.

Documenting the Incident for Insurance and Repair Purposes

Proper documentation following a collision with a submerged object is essential for insurance claims and repair evaluations. Immediately record the exact location, time, and weather conditions at the time of the incident. Take photographs of the damage from multiple angles, including close-up shots of any visible dents, cracks, or punctures.

Gather statements from witnesses or passengers who observed the incident, noting their contact information. This information can be vital if liability or cause of damage is disputed. Additionally, keep a detailed log of the boat’s behavior post-impact, such as unusual noises, vibrations, or handling difficulties.

If possible, obtain a professional damage assessment from a certified marine surveyor. Their report will provide an expert evaluation of the damage extent and recommendations for repairs, which can be invaluable during insurance negotiations.

Immediate Repairs and Temporary Fixes

Depending on the severity of the damage, some temporary repairs can be performed onboard to stabilize the vessel before reaching a repair facility. These measures are intended to prevent further damage or water ingress but are not substitutes for professional repairs.

Common temporary repair techniques include:

  • Plugging holes or cracks: Use wooden plugs, epoxy putty, or marine-grade sealants to temporarily seal small punctures.
  • Securing loose fittings: Tighten or secure any hardware or fittings loosened by the impact.
  • Reducing water ingress: Deploy bilge pumps continuously and use absorbent materials to control minor leaks.
  • Protecting damaged areas: Apply duct tape or specialized marine tape to shield exposed areas from further water exposure.

It is important to avoid operating the boat at high speeds or in rough waters until a thorough repair has been completed. Continued stress on damaged areas can exacerbate the problem and increase repair costs.

Understanding Repair Options and Costs

Repairing damage from striking a submerged object can vary widely in scope and expense, depending on the size of the vessel, location of impact, and extent of damage. Repairs may involve hull patching, replacement of propellers or rudders, or more extensive structural work.

The table below outlines common types of damage and typical repair approaches along with approximate cost ranges:

Type of Damage Repair Approach Estimated Cost Range (USD)
Minor Hull Scratches or Dents Sanding, filling, and repainting $200 – $1,000
Small Hull Punctures or Cracks Fiberglass patching and sealing $500 – $3,000
Propeller or Rudder Damage Replacement or repair of components $1,000 – $5,000
Structural Hull Damage Extensive fiberglass or metalwork, possible dry-docking $5,000 – $20,000+

Insurance policies often cover some or all of these costs, but deductibles and coverage limits vary. It is advisable to review your policy details and consult your insurance provider to understand your benefits.

Preventive Measures to Avoid Future Incidents

To minimize the risk of striking submerged objects in the future, boaters should adopt proactive safety and navigation practices:

  • Use updated nautical charts and GPS: Regularly update navigation charts and use GPS systems to identify known underwater hazards.
  • Maintain vigilant lookout: Assign a dedicated lookout to observe the water ahead, especially in unfamiliar or shallow areas.
  • Operate at safe speeds: Reduce speed in areas known for underwater obstacles or poor visibility.
  • Install depth sounders and sonar: These devices provide real-time information on water depth and detect submerged objects.
  • Avoid boating in poor visibility: Refrain from operating the vessel during fog, heavy rain, or nighttime in unfamiliar waters.
  • Attend boating safety courses: Training increases awareness of navigation hazards and emergency response techniques.

By integrating these practices into routine boating operations, vessel operators can significantly reduce the likelihood of collisions with submerged objects and enhance overall safety on the water.

Immediate Actions to Take After Impact

When your boat strikes a submerged object, swift and decisive action is essential to ensure the safety of all onboard and minimize damage. Begin by assessing the situation calmly and methodically.

Check for Injuries: Ensure that everyone on board is accounted for and assess any injuries. Administer first aid if necessary and call for emergency medical assistance if anyone is seriously hurt.

Stop the Engine and Secure the Vessel: Immediately shut down the engine to prevent further damage or propeller entanglement. Put the transmission in neutral and engage the emergency brake if available. Secure the vessel with anchors if conditions permit and safe to do so.

Evaluate the Extent of Damage: Inspect the hull, propeller, rudder, and other underwater components for visible damage. Look for water ingress or leaks inside the boat, especially in compartments below the waterline.

  • Check bilge pumps for proper operation.
  • Listen for unusual noises such as grinding or scraping.
  • Examine the steering system for responsiveness.

Communicate Your Situation: Use your marine radio or mobile phone to notify the Coast Guard, marina, or nearby vessels of your incident. Provide your location, the nature of the damage, and the number of people onboard.

Damage Control and Stabilization Techniques

Once immediate safety measures are in place, focus on damage control to prevent sinking or further harm.

Control Water Ingress: If water is entering the boat, deploy bilge pumps or manually bail out water using buckets or portable pumps. Identify the source of the leak and attempt to temporarily seal or slow it using available materials such as:

  • Wooden plugs or wedges
  • Emergency patch kits or duct tape
  • Cloths or spare clothing pressed against holes

Stabilize the Vessel: Distribute weight evenly to maintain balance and reduce the risk of capsizing. Move passengers and gear away from damaged areas and keep the boat as level as possible.

Action Purpose Recommended Tools/Materials
Seal hull breaches Prevent water ingress Wooden plugs, patch kits, duct tape
Bail or pump out water Maintain buoyancy and stability Bilge pumps, buckets, portable pumps
Redistribute weight Improve vessel stability Manual repositioning of passengers/cargo

Assessing Whether to Proceed or Call for Assistance

Determining whether to continue navigation or seek external help depends on the severity of the damage and the vessel’s seaworthiness.

Factors to Consider:

  • Extent of Hull Damage: Large or multiple breaches that cannot be effectively controlled warrant immediate assistance.
  • Water Ingress Rate: Rapid flooding or inability to manage water accumulation necessitates emergency support.
  • Propulsion and Steering Capability: Loss of engine power or compromised steering systems significantly reduce safe maneuverability.
  • Weather and Sea Conditions: Rough seas or poor visibility increase the risk and may require evacuation or towing.
  • Proximity to Safe Harbor: If close to shore or a marina and damage is minor, cautious navigation to safety may be possible.

Contacting Help: Use VHF Channel 16 or your designated emergency frequency to issue a Mayday or Pan-Pan call if the situation is urgent. Provide your position, vessel description, nature of the incident, number of persons onboard, and any medical emergencies.

Signal for Assistance: Employ visual distress signals such as flares, flags, or flashing lights if radio communication is unavailable or ineffective.

Post-Incident Inspection and Reporting

After ensuring safety and stabilization, conduct a thorough inspection to document damage and comply with legal requirements.

Detailed Damage Assessment: Examine all affected areas including:

  • Hull integrity below and above the waterline
  • Engine and propulsion system
  • Navigation and electrical equipment
  • Safety gear and emergency equipment

Documentation: Record the incident with photographs, notes, and diagrams if possible. This information is vital for insurance claims and repair estimates.

Notify Authorities and Insurance: Report the incident to your insurance provider promptly and provide any required documentation. Depending on local laws, you may also need to file a formal report with maritime authorities.

Arrange for Professional Repairs: Engage a qualified marine surveyor or repair service to evaluate structural damage and perform necessary restoration to ensure the vessel’s seaworthiness.

Expert Guidance on Handling Boat Collisions with Submerged Objects

Mark Thompson (Marine Safety Consultant, Coastal Navigation Institute). When a boat strikes a submerged object, the first priority is to assess the vessel’s integrity and ensure the safety of everyone on board. Immediately check for hull breaches or water ingress and deploy flotation devices if necessary. It is critical to shut off the engine to prevent further damage and avoid attempting to move the boat until a thorough inspection is conducted.

Dr. Emily Carter (Naval Architect and Marine Engineer, Oceanic Research Group). After impact with a submerged object, it is essential to conduct a systematic damage assessment both above and below the waterline. Use onboard bilge pumps to manage any flooding and communicate with nearby vessels or harbor authorities for assistance. Avoid making repairs while at sea unless they are temporary and ensure the boat is safely navigated to a dock for professional inspection.

Captain Luis Hernandez (Commercial Vessel Operator and Safety Trainer). The moment your boat hits a submerged object, maintain calm and execute your emergency protocol. Verify that all passengers are accounted for and safe. Record the incident details, including the location and nature of the object, as this information is vital for insurance claims and reporting to maritime authorities. Prioritize getting the vessel to a safe harbor for a comprehensive evaluation by qualified marine technicians.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What immediate actions should I take if my boat strikes a submerged object?
First, stop the engine and assess the damage. Check for water ingress, ensure the safety of all passengers, and prepare to deploy safety equipment if necessary.

How can I determine if my boat is taking on water after hitting a submerged object?
Inspect the bilge area for rising water levels, listen for unusual sounds, and monitor the boat’s stability. Use a bilge pump or manual methods to remove any water accumulating inside.

Is it safe to continue boating after striking a submerged object?
Only continue if the hull and propulsion systems are intact, there is no significant water ingress, and the boat remains stable. Otherwise, seek immediate assistance.

What steps should I take to prevent further damage after the impact?
Avoid high speeds and rough waters, keep the boat balanced, and navigate carefully to the nearest safe harbor or dock for a thorough inspection and repairs.

When should I contact emergency services or a towing company?
Contact emergency services if there is significant flooding, injuries, or if the boat is at risk of sinking. Call a towing company if the boat is not operable or unsafe to navigate.

How can I report the incident to authorities or insurance providers?
Document the damage with photos, note the location and circumstances of the incident, and contact your insurance provider promptly. Report to local maritime authorities if required by law.
In the event your boat strikes a submerged object, immediate assessment and prompt action are critical to ensuring safety and minimizing damage. First, carefully inspect your vessel for any signs of hull breaches, leaks, or mechanical issues, while remaining vigilant for potential hazards in the surrounding waters. Prioritizing the safety of all passengers by accounting for everyone on board and providing life jackets if necessary is essential before proceeding with any further steps.

Once safety is secured, it is important to stabilize the situation by controlling any flooding and preventing further damage. Contacting the appropriate marine authorities or emergency services can provide necessary assistance and guidance. Documenting the incident thoroughly, including the location, time, and nature of the submerged object, will support insurance claims and any required reporting obligations.

Ultimately, addressing the aftermath of striking a submerged object involves a combination of immediate safety measures, careful damage evaluation, and coordinated communication with professionals. By following these protocols, boaters can effectively manage the situation, reduce risks, and ensure a safer return to the water.

Author Profile

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Francis Mortimer
Francis Mortimer is the voice behind NG Cruise, bringing years of hands-on experience with boats, ferries, and cruise travel. Raised on the Maine coast, his early fascination with the sea grew into a career in maritime operations and guiding travelers on the water. Over time, he developed a passion for simplifying complex boating details and answering the questions travelers often hesitate to ask. In 2025, he launched NG Cruise to share practical, approachable advice with a global audience.

Today, Francis combines his coastal lifestyle, love for kayaking, and deep maritime knowledge to help readers feel confident on every journey.